Arts and Humanities. However, the abuse of these medications can have fatal consequences. Overview Benzodiazepines Medications ending in “zepam” Diazepam- widely used Lorazepam- widely used Temazepam Oxazepam Clonazepam Flurazepam Indications Anxiety Sedation Seizures Alcohol withdrawal Post-operative muscle spasms How Benzodiazepines work- Increase secretion and effect of GABA in the brain GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid = neurotransmitter in the brain) Causes inhibition … Barbiturates are one of the oldest classes of sedative-hypnotic agents. Nursing Central is an award-winning, complete mobile solution for nurses and students. Therapeutic Uses of Phenobarbital. RR and BP • Raise side rails • Check for rashes • Administer phenobarbital IV at a rate of less than 50mg/min. The present work offers an analysis of the historical development of the discovery and use of barbiturates in the field of psychiatry and neurology, a century after their clinical introduction. Monitor patient's respiratory rate prior to administration. When taken as prescribed, barbiturates help people with insomnia or with symptoms of anxiety. Barbiturates should not be administered to patients showing the premonitory signs of hepatic coma. William T. Browne, in Critical Care Medicine (Third Edition), 2008. - Observe for changes in mental state. Nursing responsibilities of Phenobarbital. Nurses have a number of responsibilities to perform to maintain their patients’ well being, including collecting blood specimens.Blood culture collections are needed to make sure that patients do not have any foreign organisms in their bloodstream that can prevent them from remaining healthy. Nursing Implications: Monitor blood pressure prior to administration. Parenteral solutions of barbiturates are highly alkaline. Trouble fulfilling work, home, or school responsibilities; Doing dangerous activities when you use barbiturates; Trouble getting along with others when you use barbiturates; How is barbiturate abuse diagnosed? NURSING PROCESS FOCUS Clients Receiving Benzodiazepine and Nonbenzodiazepine Antianxiety Therapy Evaluation of Outcome Criteria See Tables 14.2 and 14.4 for lists of drugs to which these nursing actions apply. Look up information on diseases, tests, and procedures; then consult the database with 5,000+ drugs or refer to 65,000+ dictionary terms. Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, and Nursing Interventions: Dealing with delirium tremens. - Leucopenia which is severe, progressive or associated with clinical symptoms requires withdrawal. Nursing considerations - Observe for confusion and agitation in older people. Reassess pain after administration of morphine. - Observe for allergic reactions such as rashes, purpura. take exactly as instructed, do not discontinue without consulting doctor first, store away from bed to avoid misuse or accidental overdose; Subjects. Therefore, extreme care should be taken to avoid perivascular extravasation or intra-arterial injection. Kennedy, Maureen Shawn MA, RN AJN The American Journal of Nursing: October 2004 - Volume 104 - Issue 10 - … Monitor for respiratory depression and hypotension frequently up to 24 hours after administration of morphine. Barbiturates. do not mix with other medications. Barbiturates are a class of drugs called central nervous system (CNS) depressants. If to be given IM, use large muscle such as the gluteus max 38. Barbiturate, GABA receptor agonist. Nursing Responsibilities: • Recognize that continued use of barbiturate might result in drug abuse • Monitor V/S, esp. Hold if systolic BP < 100 mm Hg or 30 mm Hg below baseline. Evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapy by confirming that client goals and expected outcomes have been met (see “Planning”). Because barbiturates are highly addictive, they present a large risk of abuse and overdose.
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